Science
Mechanism of Action
It enhances antioxidant defenses through NRF2 pathway activation and direct radical scavenging, and reduces UVB-induced damage by inhibiting reactive oxygen species generation. Additionally, it stimulates the innate immune system via human β-defensin-2 induction.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 Demonstrated robust antioxidant activity by radical scavenging and activating the NRF2 pathway.
- 02 Attenuated UVB-induced skin damage and photoaging in both in vivo and in vitro models by inhibiting ROS generation.
- 03 Stimulated innate immune system by increasing human β-defensin-2 promoter activity by approximately 4-fold at 0.01%.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Safety
Safety Profile
Formal safety reviews by major regulatory bodies are not available. While adverse reactions are uncommon, patch testing is recommended; consult a healthcare professional for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding due to lacking data.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A valuable multi-functional ingredient, offering significant antioxidant, photoaging, and immune-support benefits with low irritancy for all skin types.
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References
Sources