Science
Mechanism of Action
Although specific mechanisms for TRAPA JAPONICA CALLUS EXTRACT are not extensively detailed, research on fermented *Trapa japonica* fruit extract and its derived peptides demonstrates a multi-faceted anti-aging action. These mechanisms include significantly increasing collagen synthesis in human dermal fibroblasts, inhibiting the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which contribute to collagen degradation, and stimulating collagen production pathways via TGF-β1/GSK-3β/β-catenin. Furthermore, *Trapa japonica* pericarp extracts have exhibited antioxidant properties.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Low confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 A peptide (PEP) identified from fermented *Trapa japonica* fruit extract, at a concentration of 0.0001% (1 µg/mL), demonstrated significant human dermal fibroblast cell proliferation and increased collagen synthesis by 95% compared to the control group in in vitro studies.
- 02 A clinical study evaluating an eye cream containing 0.5% of the derived PEP (from fermented *Trapa japonica* fruit extract) over 8 weeks showed demonstrable anti-aging effects.
- 03 Non-fermented *Trapa japonica* fruit extract (TJE) and its fermented counterpart (FTJ), at concentrations up to 0.0001% (1 µg/mL), were observed to increase collagen production in human dermal fibroblasts by 33% and 63% respectively, compared to controls.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Safety
Safety Profile
TRAPA JAPONICA CALLUS EXTRACT has not been formally reviewed by major regulatory bodies such as CIR, SCCS, or FDA. Consequently, comprehensive safety data, including specific maximum concentration limits or sensitization risks, remains largely unknown. Related *Trapa japonica* fruit extracts also lack reported safety references from these organizations.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
While studies on *Trapa japonica* fruit extracts and their derived peptides indicate promising anti-aging and collagen-boosting properties, direct clinical efficacy and comprehensive safety data for TRAPA JAPONICA CALLUS EXTRACT itself are currently insufficient.
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References
Sources