Science
Mechanism of Action
This bioactive peptide, chemically identified as Glycine-Glutamic acid-Lysine-Glycine, functions by mimicking natural skin-protein breakdown products. This 'signal' effectively 'tricks' the skin into initiating robust repair and renewal processes, significantly enhancing the vitality of human dermal fibroblasts. It directly upregulates the genetic expression and subsequent synthesis of crucial extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, including Type I collagen, hyaluronic acid synthase 1 (thereby increasing hyaluronic acid levels), and fibronectin. The increased production of these components collectively improves skin structure, moisture retention, and resilience, diminishing the appearance of wrinkles and roughness.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence0.01%
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The provided research data does not indicate Tetrapeptide-21 is commonly dusted or suggest any specific dusting thresholds or red flags in cosmetic formulations.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Tetrapeptide-21 maintains optimal stability within a pH range of 4.0 to 7.0. For extended shelf life, it should be stored under refrigeration, shielded from direct sunlight and heat. During formulation, this ingredient should be thoroughly mixed into the water phase. It is crucial to avoid temperatures exceeding 80°C. If heat is necessary for other formulation steps, Tetrapeptide-21 should be added as the final ingredient after the emulsion has formed and cooled to 40°C or below. As it is supplied preservative-free, its incorporation into a properly preserved cosmetic formulation is essential.
Safety
Safety Profile
No specific safety assessments by regulatory bodies such as the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) or Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) were found. General supplier statements suggest 'no known hazards to humans or the environment.' While often considered 'generally non-irritating' by some expert sources, the risk of irritation may potentially increase when Tetrapeptide-21 is combined with other known problematic ingredients, underscoring the importance of comprehensive formulation testing.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Tetrapeptide-21 is a highly valuable signal peptide, supported by robust clinical data demonstrating its efficacy in significantly enhancing skin elasticity, firmness, and reducing the visible signs of aging by actively stimulating crucial extracellular matrix production.
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