SYZYGIUM JAMBOS LEAF EXTRACT.

This extract operates via several biological pathways to benefit the skin. Its antioxidant capabilities stem from inhibiting nitric oxide radicals, reducing lipid peroxidation, and scavenging free radicals, thereby boosting glutathione (GSH) levels and countering UVA-induced oxidative stress and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). As an anti-inflammatory agent, it decreases the release of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 and TNF-α, reduces systemic markers like C-reactive protein and fibrinogen, and attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory responses while increasing anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels. It also exhibits antimicrobial and anti-acne properties by inhibiting the growth of bacteria like *P. acnes* and *P. aeruginosa*, including disrupting biofilm formation and motility. Furthermore, it contributes to anti-aging by inhibiting enzymes linked to skin degradation, such as tyrosinase, elastase, hyaluronidase, and collagenase. These benefits are attributed to its rich composition of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and sterols.