SULCULUS DIVERSICOLOR EXTRACT.

This extract potentially functions by upregulating innate immune system proteins, such as toll-like receptor 4, psoriasin, and RNAse 7, while also boosting enzymes involved in cellular homeostasis and managing oxidative stress like metallothioneins 1 and extracellular superoxide dismutase. It may also downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1α, IL-6) and metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9) that contribute to extracellular matrix degradation. Additionally, similar marine extracts have shown ability to form a protective skin barrier and deliver osmoregulating molecules, thereby supporting the skin's Natural Moisturizing Factor.