Science
Mechanism of Action
This extract primarily operates through its steroidal alkaloid component, solamargine, which inhibits UVB-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8, and IFN-γ, alongside paracrine melanogenic factors (ET-1, α-MSH, bFGF) via the p38 MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. It effectively attenuates melanin production by down-regulating tyrosinase activity and the expression of key melanogenesis proteins (MITF, TRP-1, TRP-2, tyrosinase). Furthermore, it addresses photoaging by restoring NOTCH1 and lamin B1 expression, abolishing mutant p53 and SOX2 expression, and stimulating new elastic fiber synthesis, offering comprehensive skin protection against external aggressors. The presence of phenols, alkaloids, saponins, terpenes, flavonoids, coumarins, and carotenoids also contributes to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 A clinical study utilizing an SR-T100 gel, containing solamargine extracted from Solanum undatum (synonym: Solanum incanum), demonstrated therapeutic effects on actinic keratosis (AK) and photoaging over 16 weeks. This treatment achieved complete remission in 9 AK lesions and partial remission in 4 AK lesions. It also notably improved skin wrinkling, abolished mutant p53 and SOX2 expression, restored NOTCH1 and lamin B1 expression, and increased new elastic fiber synthesis, indicating a reversal of photocarcinogenesis and photoaging markers.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The robust clinical findings demonstrating specific therapeutic effects on actinic keratosis and photoaging suggest that Solanum Undatum Fruit Extract is primarily utilized for targeted efficacy, rather than being included at sub-efficacious concentrations merely for marketing claims. Its specialized benefits imply intentional formulation.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Saponins, which are key components of Solanum species, are generally hydrosoluble and exhibit stability across varying pH levels, as observed during digestion. However, specific stability data for Solanum Undatum Fruit Extract within cosmetic formulations remains unestablished.
Safety
Safety Profile
Regulatory statuses (CIR, SCCS, FDA) for Solanum Undatum Fruit Extract in cosmetics are currently undefined. While related Solanum species are generally considered safe topically, an in vitro study identified potent cytotoxicity of Solanum incanum (a synonym for S. undatum) fruit extract against Vero cells at 100 µg/mL. This suggests that precise concentration control is crucial for topical formulations. Patch testing is recommended for individuals with known sensitivities to Solanum extracts due to the lack of specific human topical irritation and comedogenicity data for this particular extract.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Solanum Undatum Fruit Extract presents as a valuable ingredient with clinically demonstrated efficacy against photoaging and hyperpigmentation, offering significant anti-inflammatory and skin-protective benefits, though further comprehensive safety and optimal concentration data in cosmetic applications would solidify its broader integration.
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References
Sources