Science
Mechanism of Action
This ingredient operates by leveraging its permanently positive quaternary nitrogen atom, which enables it to substantively bind to the slightly negatively charged proteins on skin and hair surfaces, irrespective of pH. On the skin, it creates a vapor-permeable, thin protective film, functioning as an emollient to impart a soft, velvety feel. In hair care, it significantly enhances conditioning by improving softness, smoothness, body, suppleness, and sheen, while also offering detangling, frizz control, antistatic properties, and protection against heat and humidity.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 Recommended concentrations in hair care deliver moisture, detangling, anti-static, and conditioning benefits.
- 02 Evaluated as safe for use in cosmetics by the CIR Expert Panel, with poor skin absorption noted.
- 03 Demonstrated improved color wash-fastness and protection for dyed hair when incorporated into a shampoo formulation.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
The ingredient's quaternary nitrogen atom maintains its cationic charge across a broad pH range, contributing to its overall stability. While primarily insoluble in water and soluble in alcohols, its dispersibility and applicability in aqueous systems can be achieved through specific formulation techniques. However, very high pH levels may diminish the water solubility of quaternary ammonium compounds.
Conflicts
- strong concentrated acids
- strong concentrated bases
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel concluded that Silicone Quaternium-22 is safe for use in cosmetic products at concentrations up to 5% solids, citing its poor absorption through the skin. The CIR panel also set recommended limits for impurities: 3-dimethylaminopropylamine (0.2%) and ethylene chlorohydrin (0.008%). No specific SCCS restrictions have been issued for this ingredient in Europe. It is categorized as a cosmetic ingredient by the FDA and is not listed as an active drug.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Silicone Quaternium-22 is a highly valuable ingredient for both skin and hair care, providing conditioning, protection, and enhanced sensory properties with a low risk of irritation or comedogenicity.
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