SCHIZONEPETA TENUIFOLIA EXTRACT.

This extract exerts its dermatological benefits through multifaceted mechanisms. It precisely intervenes in inflammatory cascades by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, thereby reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines. Beyond its anti-inflammatory action, it provides antioxidant protection and demonstrates immunomodulatory effects by regulating T-cell cytokine release while inhibiting histamine release from mast cells, thus diminishing allergic reactions. In the context of skin aging, it proactively prevents photoaging by reducing wrinkle formation and epidermal thickening, downregulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and upregulating tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1). Additionally, it enhances skin hydration by decreasing hyaluronidase activity and boosting hyaluronan synthase and hyaluronic acid levels, alongside inhibiting advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation.