Science
Mechanism of Action
The extract's anti-inflammatory properties are mediated by its ability to inhibit PDE enzymes and suppress the arachidonic acid pathway, specifically through alpha and beta santalol's inhibition of COX and LOX enzymes. It also activates 11β-HSD1 to regulate cortisol levels in keratinocytes and interferes with NF-κB activation. For its antimicrobial efficacy, it targets acne-causing bacteria, notably *Cutibacterium acnes*, and offers broad protection against fungi, yeast, and parasites. As a potent antioxidant, it neutralizes free radicals, thereby protecting skin from oxidative stress and premature aging. Moisturizing benefits stem from its capacity to hydrate, nourish, restore moisture levels, and reinforce the skin barrier. Alpha-santalol, a key constituent, also acts as a tyrosinase inhibitor, suggesting a role in reducing hyperpigmentation and promoting a more even skin tone. Furthermore, its astringent qualities assist in refining pores and managing excess oil production.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 An in vitro study demonstrated that an aqueous extract of sandalwood callus exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant activity, achieving 48.7% DPPH scavenging and 53.2% hydroxyl radical scavenging at a 0.01% concentration (100 micrograms/ml).
- 02 Cosmetic compositions containing 'extract of depleted sandalwood' within a concentration range of 0.001%-1% are utilized for general skin, scalp, and appendage care, including the prevention of wrinkles and fine lines.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
No specific data provided to indicate this ingredient is commonly 'dusted' in cosmetic formulations for marketing purposes.
The Formula
Formulation
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) has not specifically evaluated SANTALUM ALBUM EXTRACT. While a related ingredient, Santalum Album Oil, is generally considered safe and non-comedogenic/non-phototoxic at appropriate concentrations, specific data for the extract's use during pregnancy is not available. Although overall irritancy is low, a small percentage of individuals (0.1-2.4%) have reported allergic reactions to sandalwood oil; patch testing is recommended for all botanical ingredients due to individual variability.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Santalum Album Extract is a valuable, multi-functional ingredient offering potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial benefits suitable for all skin types, presenting a low risk of irritation or comedogenicity.
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References
Sources