SACCHAROMYCES/PHELLODENDRON AMURENSE BARK FERMENT EXTRACT.

This ferment works through several pathways to improve skin condition. It demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory actions by reducing pro-inflammatory markers such as nitric oxide, 3-nitrotyrosine, and NF-kB. Its antioxidant capacity defends skin cells against free radical damage and environmental aggressors, including protection of human keratinocytes from PM2.5-induced inflammation via PAR-2 signaling. The extract further supports skin's structural integrity by promoting collagen generation, contributing to firmer, more youthful-looking skin. It aids in balancing sebum production, making it advantageous for oily and combination skin types. Moreover, it provides a calming effect, helping to alleviate redness and sensitivity, while simultaneously improving skin elasticity, moisture retention, and fortifying the skin's natural barrier function. The fermentation process with Saccharomyces is understood to increase the ingredient's bioavailability and potency, thereby amplifying its beneficial effects.