Science
Mechanism of Action
PEG-75 functions as a humectant by actively drawing and retaining moisture within the skin, concurrently forming a subtle occlusive film on the surface. This action minimizes trans-epidermal water loss, thereby delivering indirect moisturizing, softening, and smoothing effects to the epidermis. Furthermore, it acts as an emulsifier, reducing surface tension to facilitate the stable formation of oil-in-water emulsions. As a surfactant, it promotes foam generation and contributes to cleansing efficacy. It is also an adept solubilizer, primarily through micellar solubilization, enabling the uniform dispersion of hydrophobic ingredients like fragrances and essential oils within aqueous systems. Additionally, PEG-75 serves as a solvent, cohesively blending ingredients, enhancing overall formula texture, and can influence product viscosity as a rheology modifier.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence0.5%
Key findings
- 01 Clinical evaluations consistently demonstrate that PEG-75, particularly in its PEG Lanolin forms, is non-irritating and non-sensitizing to the skin across a broad concentration range of 10% to 100%.
- 02 Eye irritation tests at 50-100% concentrations showed negligible or mild responses.
- 03 A rigorous 4-week daily patch test conducted on 11 subjects using 100% PEG-75 revealed no adverse skin reactions.
- 04 The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel has affirmed its safety for cosmetic use, including concentrations up to 36% in finished products, with recommended usage levels of 0.5-5% for moisturizing and conditioning benefits.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
PEG-75 exhibits robust stability across a wide pH spectrum, from 2 to 10. This nonionic ingredient is highly compatible with most other solubilizers, including electrolyte solutions at concentrations up to 10%. It demonstrates good resistance to both oxidative and reducing agents and generally shows low susceptibility to microbiological degradation, which can potentially minimize the need for extensive preservation.
Synergies
- Compatible with most other solubilizers
- Stable in up to 10% electrolyte solutions
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has concluded that PEG Lanolin ingredients, including PEG-75, are safe for use in cosmetics. While a by-product of ethoxylation, 1,4-dioxane, may be present in trace amounts, these levels can be effectively controlled through purification processes. However, due to its lanolin derivation, PEG-75 is unsuitable for vegan formulations. Some recommendations suggest caution for use in products intended for children and pregnant individuals. A general caution regarding PEGs advises against their use on severely damaged skin, based on specific instances involving other PEG compounds on burn patients, though this is not a direct finding for PEG-75 Lanolin.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
PEG-75 is a valuable, multi-functional ingredient that enhances formulation stability, improves skin hydration, and is generally well-tolerated across all skin types.
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