Science
Mechanism of Action
This ingredient functions by significantly lowering the surface tension between immiscible substances, facilitating the mixing of oil and water phases, which is essential for effective cleansing and stable product emulsions. Its structural properties enable it to increase the viscosity of cosmetic formulations, thereby enhancing product stability and texture. When applied to the skin, it delivers emollient benefits, promoting a sensation of smoothness and softness, while potentially improving the absorption and distribution of other active components within the product.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Low confidenceN/A
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
No data suggests this ingredient is commonly 'dusted' or included at sub-efficacious levels merely for marketing.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Presented as a white solid, PEG-4 Glyceryl Distearate disperses in water and exhibits solubility in specific solvents such as isopropanol, glycerin, and acetone. While PEGs are generally hydrophilic, lower PEG numbers typically correlate with reduced water solubility, yet retain hydrophilic characteristics. It is notably effective as a thickener in formulations containing surfactants. A 10% dispersion demonstrates a pH of 7.26, though a specific optimal pH range for overall stability was not identified.
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has concluded that PEG-4 Glyceryl Distearate, along with other PEG Distearates, is safe for use in cosmetic applications. Trace amounts of 1,4-dioxane, an ethoxylation byproduct, may be present; however, manufacturers can effectively control this impurity through purification. The CIR Panel advises caution for products intended for use on damaged skin. This ingredient is listed in the FDA's Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program (VCRP). While EWG permits its use in EWG VERIFIED products, it includes specific use restrictions and warnings concerning potential contamination from impurities like ethylene oxide and 1,4-dioxane.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
PEG-4 Glyceryl Distearate is a valuable multi-functional ingredient, offering emulsifying, thickening, and skin conditioning properties with a low risk of irritation and comedogenicity, deemed safe for use by the CIR.
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