Science
Mechanism of Action
Panax Ginseng Root/Velvet Extract operates through multiple biological pathways to optimize skin health. It provides robust antioxidant protection via ginseng saponins (ginsenosides), which inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and elevate anti-oxidative enzyme activity, thus defending against environmental damage. The extract exhibits significant anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing key mediators such as IL-1α (34.17%), PGE2 (20.70%), and NF-κB activation (43.65%), which aids in reducing redness, irritation, and itching. Beyond these protective actions, it supports skin rejuvenation by promoting collagen synthesis, improving firmness, and diminishing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. It also contributes to barrier repair, aids in wound healing, helps protect keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts from UV damage, and may inhibit melanin production for brightening effects. Furthermore, it enhances skin nutrition and metabolism by improving microcirculation.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 Ex vivo diffusion cell studies demonstrated skin permeation of the moderately lipophilic ginsenoside Rg1 when formulated in a hydroalcoholic gel, indicating potential for active delivery.
- 02 In vitro studies showed no cytotoxicity (>80% cell viability) and potent anti-inflammatory effects, specifically suppressing IL-1α by 34.17%, PGE2 by 20.70%, and NF-κB activation by 43.65%.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel reported Panax Ginseng Root Extract as safe for cosmetic uses, with usage concentrations up to 0.1% noted in specific categories like fragrance preparations. However, ex vivo diffusion cell studies indicated that skin permeation of active ginsenosides, such as Rg1, occurred at a higher concentration of 2%. This notable difference between the reported maximal use concentration in some product types and concentrations demonstrating biological activity raises a potential 'dusting' concern, suggesting that lower concentrations may not consistently deliver optimal efficacy for targeted skin benefits.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Optimal stability for key ginsenosides, including Rg1 and Rb1, is achieved within a pH range of 6.0 to 8.0. For preservation of ingredient integrity, incorporation into formulations should occur at temperatures below 50°C, as elevated temperatures and lower pH values can lead to a reduction in ginsenoside levels.
Safety
Safety Profile
Panax Ginseng Root Extract is generally considered safe for cosmetic application, displaying a low irritancy profile and typically few reported side effects. The CIR Expert Panel concluded its safety for cosmetic uses and concentrations as presented in their assessment, noting reported usage up to 0.1% in certain products. However, rare adverse reactions, including swelling, irritation, skin rashes, or peeling, have been observed in some individuals. Patch testing is recommended for those with known sensitivities.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Panax Ginseng Root/Velvet Extract is a valuable, multi-functional botanical ingredient, providing significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits, while supporting skin vitality and resilience across all skin types.
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