Science
Mechanism of Action
Operating at a cellular level, Ophioglossum vulgatum extract boosts keratinocyte proliferation and migration by engaging the PI3K/AKT/GSK3-β signaling pathway and increasing the expression of crucial structural proteins like COL1A1 (collagen type I) and FN1 (fibronectin 1). Its antioxidative defense system efficiently neutralizes DPPH-released free radicals and counters H2O2-induced oxidative stress via the Nrf2/HO-1/COX2 pathway. Furthermore, it exerts anti-inflammatory effects by mitigating LPS-induced inflammatory responses through the TLR4/MYD88 pathway and by deactivating key inflammatory signal transducers, including NF-ĸB p65, IĸBα, ERK, p38, and JNK.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 Stimulated HaCaT cell proliferation and migration.
- 02 Significantly stimulated HaCaT cell viability, proliferation, and migration.
- 03 Increased wound healing ratio in HaCaT cell assays by 19.9% and 24.5% respectively within 24 hours.
- 04 Scavenged 97.28% of DPPH-released free radicals, demonstrating potent antioxidative activity.
- 05 Galactoglycerolipids within the extract increased wound closure rates in HaCaT keratinocytes.
- 06 Ophioglonin and Ophioglossum vulgatum extracts inhibited the activation of key inflammatory signal transducers (NF-ĸB p65, IĸBα, ERK, p38, and JNK), with in vivo experiments confirming an anti-inflammatory effect.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
While effective at low concentrations, in vitro studies indicate that concentrations of 0.05% and higher can lead to significant cell toxicity. This suggests that precise formulation within the effective range is crucial to avoid potential adverse effects.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
The extract demonstrates pH-dependent stability, with optimal performance in emulsions observed around pH 5.00. Stability decreases significantly below pH 2.76 and above pH 8.0, where demulsification may occur.
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) has not yet fully assessed Ophioglossum vulgatum extract for safety. In vitro studies observed significant cell toxicity at concentrations of 0.05% and above, though a formulated facial cleanser produced delicate foams and caused no skin irritation. This indicates good tolerability at appropriate cosmetic concentrations, but high concentrations should be avoided.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Ophioglossum vulgatum extract is a valuable ingredient, demonstrating robust efficacy in promoting skin regeneration, wound healing, and providing significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory protection, pending full CIR safety assessment.
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References
Sources