MACHILUS THUNBERGII BARK EXTRACT.

This extract functions primarily as a robust antioxidant, actively neutralizing harmful free radicals and thereby reducing cellular oxidative stress. Its moisturizing efficacy is rooted in its ability to form a protective film on the skin's surface, promoting moisture retention for enhanced softness and elasticity. The ingredient exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and soothing properties by inhibiting critical mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Furthermore, it modulates cellular signaling pathways, suppressing NF-κB and p38 MAPK activation while upregulating HO-1 and Nrf2 production. Beyond these actions, it provides astringent and antimicrobial benefits, and demonstrates potential anti-allergic effects through the inhibition of STAT5 phosphorylation and TSLP/TSLPR interaction in mast cells.