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LARREA DIVARICATA EXTRACT.

Valuable CAS 91722-67-7 / ANTIOXIDANT, FRAGRANCE

Larrea Divaricata Extract is a botanical active revered for its multifaceted benefits, primarily functioning as a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial agent. Rich in protective compounds, it promotes skin conditioning, soothes irritation, and can contribute to a healthier skin microbiome. Its unique properties also include supporting cellular proliferation and offering a degree of UVB protection.

Summary

Antioxidant Skin Conditioning Anti-inflammatory Antimicrobial Antifungal UVB Protection Keratinocyte Proliferation Fibroblast Proliferation Hair Growth Inhibition Masking

Science

Mechanism of Action

Larrea Divaricata Extract exerts its effects through a rich phytochemical profile including nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), flavonoids, triterpenes, and phenolic acids. These compounds collectively provide potent antioxidant activity by inhibiting oxygen-favored reactions, thereby mitigating oxidative stress and free radical damage. Its anti-inflammatory properties soothe and decongest the skin. Furthermore, the extract demonstrates broad-spectrum antimicrobial and antifungal activities. Mechanistically, it can induce proliferation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, protect fibroblasts from hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis, and offer notable sun UVB protection. Additionally, it has shown anti-proliferative effects on certain cell lines and can influence the natural hair growth cycle to delay regrowth.

Research

Clinical Evidence

High confidence
Effective range 10 µg/ml–100 µg/ml%
Optimal

N/A

Key findings

  1. 01 An aqueous extract demonstrated significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity at 10 µg/ml, effectively reducing basal cell toxicity by 95% and abrogating the effects of free radical generators on macrophages.
  2. 02 Antimicrobial action against *Staphylococcus aureus* was observed with an aqueous extract at 15.2 ± 1.0 µg/ml.
  3. 03 Inhibitory effects against *Helicobacter pylori* strains were noted with various extracts (cold, infusion, decoction) at concentrations ranging from 40–100 µg/ml.
  4. 04 An aqueous extract exhibited antifungal efficacy against *Saccharomyces cereviceae* at 100 mg/ml.

Transparency

Dusting Analysis

Not commonly dusted

The Formula

Formulation

Solubility
Both
Optimal pH N/A
0 7 14

Stability

Aqueous extracts maintain antioxidant activity even after incubation in simulated gastric (pH 1.2) and intestinal (pH 6.8 and 7.0) fluids, although levels of polyphenols and flavonoids may see some decrease. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a key component, is soluble in ethanol and slightly soluble in hot water, but insoluble in cold water.

Safety

Safety Profile

CIR Status
Not reviewed
Sensitization risk Low

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has not specifically reviewed Larrea Divaricata Extract for cosmetic safety, nor has a specific SCCS opinion been found. Studies indicate low acute toxicity and no dermatological or ocular irritation when topically or orally administered. However, Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a prominent component, has raised concerns regarding potential nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects, particularly in alcoholic extracts and systemic use. Aqueous extracts are noted to contain significantly lower amounts of NDGA, mitigating this concern for topical application.

Your Skin

Skin Compatibility

Yes Normal
Yes Dry
Yes Oily
Yes Sensitive
Irritancy Low
Comedogenicity Unknown

Our Assessment

Verdict

Valuable

Larrea Divaricata Extract is a valuable, multi-functional ingredient for precision skincare, offering potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial benefits, making it suitable for a wide range of skin types and concerns when formulated as an aqueous extract.

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