Science
Mechanism of Action
Ilex Rotunda Extract operates through multiple pathways to enhance skin vitality. Its anti-inflammatory action involves inhibiting key inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). This is achieved by deactivating nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) via reduced phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα degradation, and/or by modulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways (p38 or ERK signaling). As an antioxidant, it effectively scavenges free radicals, protecting cells from oxidative damage. Furthermore, it promotes anti-aging effects by enhancing collagen biosynthesis and reducing the production of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), a collagen-degrading enzyme.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Safety
Safety Profile
Comprehensive safety assessments by regulatory bodies such as CIR, SCCS, or FDA are currently unavailable. Public databases like Paula's Choice indicate 'Not rated' with 'No known benefits,' highlighting a general lack of widely published safety reviews, though this doesn't imply risk.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Ilex Rotunda Extract is a valuable ingredient, offering significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging benefits supported by in vitro studies and patent applications, making it suitable for a wide range of skin types.
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References
Sources