HYDROLYZED PIG PLACENTA EXTRACT.

This ingredient employs a multi-faceted mechanism to rejuvenate the skin. It stimulates dermal fibroblasts, thereby boosting the synthesis of vital structural components such as collagen, elastic fibers, and endogenous hyaluronic acid. Additionally, it acts as an elastase inhibitor, helping to preserve the skin's natural elasticity. Its high amino acid content improves surface hydration, while larger peptide and protein molecules form a protective film, effectively minimizing transepidermal water loss (TEWL). It also upregulates Type I collagen production and accelerates the expression of key moisturizing proteins like ceramide synthase (CERS3), filaggrin (FLG), transglutaminase 1 (TGM1), and kallikrein 7 (KLK7). Furthermore, it inhibits collagen-degrading enzymes (e.g., MMP-2, MMP-9) and promotes tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1, TIMP-2), enhancing collagen integrity.