HYDROLYZED LUPINUS ALBUS FLOWER EXTRACT.

This extract functions via multiple biological pathways: its peptides stimulate the skin's endogenous production of collagen (specifically types I, III, and IV) and elastin, crucial for enhancing firmness and elasticity, and mitigating sagging. It also fortifies the dermal-epidermal junction by promoting Laminine 5 expression, thereby preserving skin cohesion. As a potent humectant, its amino acid content attracts and retains moisture, optimizing skin hydration and preventing transepidermal water loss. The ingredient further provides robust antioxidant protection against environmental aggressors, inhibits Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) like collagenase and gelatinase that degrade extracellular matrix proteins, and counters chronic photoaging. Additionally, it helps to normalize melanin production to reduce dark spots, inhibits collagen glycation, and stimulates cellular renewal.