Science
Mechanism of Action
Gnaphalium affine flower/leaf/stem extract operates by comprehensively addressing both oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Its anti-inflammatory action involves the downregulation of key inflammatory mediators such as NF-κB, iNOS, COX-2, and MAPKs. Concurrently, it exhibits significant antioxidant activity through the direct scavenging of free radicals, particularly hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and by preventing lipid peroxidation. These multifactorial benefits are attributed to its rich composition of polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids, including quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Low confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 An in-vitro cellular study demonstrated that concentrations between 0.001% and 0.005% (equivalent to 10-50 µg/mL) significantly enhanced the viability of H2O2-damaged Caco-2 cells, increasing it from 58.79% to 92.58%. This indicates a robust protective effect against oxidative injury at a cellular level.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Safety
Safety Profile
Currently, there is no direct safety assessment from major regulatory bodies such as CIR, SCCS, or FDA. While some plant-derived extracts have previously been identified by CIR as having insufficient data, in-vitro cellular viability tests indicate no observable toxicity at concentrations up to 0.01% (100 µg/mL).
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
With robust antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms supported by in-vitro cellular protection, this extract holds valuable potential for formulating protective and soothing skincare solutions across all skin types, pending further in-vivo human clinical confirmation.
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References
Sources