Science
Mechanism of Action
This extract exerts its effects by significantly reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α, and mitigating neutrophil-mediated myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. It also alleviates inflammatory responses through the suppression of iNOS and COX-2. Rich in phenolic compounds, it acts as a potent antioxidant, neutralizing reactive oxygen species, decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and enhancing glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Furthermore, it demonstrates immunomodulatory, skin-whitening, and anti-wrinkle properties.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 In RAW264.7 macrophage cells, concentrations of 25-50 ng/mL demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in inflammatory markers iNOS and COX-2, effectively alleviating inflammatory responses without observed toxicity.
- 02 A 70% ethanolic extract administered at 200 mg/kg significantly inhibited topical edema, reduced skin thickness, and decreased inflammatory cytokine production (IL-1β and TNF-α) and neutrophil-mediated MPO activity in a murine model of phorbol ester-induced dermatitis.
- 03 A hot water extract derived from Glehnia littoralis leaves was found to possess skin-whitening and anti-wrinkle properties, although specific concentrations for these effects were not detailed.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Conflicts
- V. nigrum (potential toxicity)
Safety
Safety Profile
Traditionally used in East Asian medicine for thousands of years, in vitro studies indicate no cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 400 µg/mL in 3T3-L1 cells, 50 ng/mL in RAW264.7 cells, and 200 µg/mL in HepG2 cells. However, caution is advised due to potential toxicity when combined with V. nigrum.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Glehnia Littoralis Extract is a valuable ingredient, demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits, alongside potential skin-whitening and anti-wrinkle properties, supported by traditional use and preliminary research, although further human topical efficacy data is needed for optimal dosage guidance.
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References
Sources