Science
Mechanism of Action
This extract operates through multiple pathways to enhance skin health. Its high concentration of antioxidants, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and other phenolic compounds, scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by environmental stressors like H2O2. Notably, fumaric acid within the extract actively neutralizes ozone, forming harmless carboxylic acids and safeguarding skin barrier lipids and endogenous antioxidants such as vitamins E and C from depletion. These actions collectively provide cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory benefits, while traditionally alleviating skin discomforts like itching or irritation.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 In vitro studies on HaCaT keratinocytes demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity, a reduction in H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species production, and no cytotoxicity at concentrations between 25 and 100 µg/mL over 24 hours.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The provided data specifies effective concentrations in micrograms per milliliter (µg/mL) from *in vitro* studies, rather than an optimal percentage for a cosmetic formulation. Therefore, there is insufficient information to establish a dusting threshold or red flag percentage directly from these findings.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
The extract is soluble in water and hydro-alcoholic solutions, with 50% ethanol being noted for effective polyphenol extraction. Aqueous solutions of the extract typically exhibit pH values between 6.74 (at 1%) and 6.92 (at 10%). It is frequently formulated in water/propylene glycol-based carrier systems.
Safety
Safety Profile
This extract has a strong history of traditional use in Europe for over three decades without reported safety issues, is approved by the German Commission E, and listed on the UK General Sales List for herbal remedies. An acute toxicity study on an ethanolic leaf extract established an LD50 cut-off value of 2000 mg/kg body weight, indicating low systemic toxicity. In vitro tests confirmed the absence of keratinocyte cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 100 µg/mL. The EWG Skin Deep database assigns a low hazard score across various safety categories including cancer and immunotoxicity. However, specific dermal toxicity data or maximum concentration limits from regulatory bodies like CIR, SCCS, or FDA for cosmetic applications are not currently available.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Fumaria Officinalis Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract is a valuable botanical ingredient offering robust antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pollution-protective benefits, suitable for all skin types with a low risk of irritation.
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