Science
Mechanism of Action
This extract exerts its antioxidant effects by efficiently scavenging free radicals, demonstrating up to 85% activity in DPPH assays. Its anti-inflammatory action is primarily driven by downregulating key inflammatory mediators, including Cox-2 and iNOS protein and mRNA expression, as well as suppressing the production of cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and MCP-1. Mechanistically, it inhibits prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2), the nuclear translocation of NF-κB (p65), and the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), thereby modulating inflammatory pathways and IκB-α degradation. Furthermore, it possesses antimicrobial capabilities against bacteria like Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, partially attributed to components like fraxetin which can inhibit topoisomerase and increase membrane permeability.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 At 80 μg/ml, demonstrated 85% free radical scavenging activity in vitro and significantly reduced Cox-2 and iNOS expression in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages, indicating strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
- 02 Effective in suppressing COX-2 and iNOS protein and mRNA expression in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells across concentrations of 10, 20, 40, and 80 μg/ml.
- 03 A bark extract at 100 μg/mL showed substantial antioxidant activities (81-93% ABTS/DPPH) and antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
No data is available regarding 'dusting' practices or specific ineffective low percentages for Fraxinus Rhynchophylla Leaf Extract in cosmetic formulations.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Ethanol and water extracts have been studied, suggesting good solubility in polar solvents. Specific optimal pH ranges for the stability of the entire extract are not detailed, though individual compounds within the plant have undergone stability assessments.
Safety
Safety Profile
Formal safety assessments by major regulatory bodies like CIR, SCCS, or FDA are not documented. However, indications from SkinSAFE suggest a generally favorable safety profile, noting it is 'Irritant Free' and free from numerous common allergens and irritants, which implies suitability for sensitive skin.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Fraxinus Rhynchophylla Leaf Extract is a valuable ingredient, offering significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial benefits with a seemingly low irritancy potential across all skin types.
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References
Sources