Science
Mechanism of Action
The extract demonstrates broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against various bacteria, such as Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and fungi like Candida albicans. Its anti-inflammatory action is mediated by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-α, in human keratinocytes. Furthermore, it provides antioxidant protection by scavenging free radicals and contributes to wound healing by accelerating fibroblast proliferation and enhancing Smad-mediated collagen production.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 A 15% ethanol extract ointment exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, producing a 13.60 mm inhibition zone.
- 02 A serum formulation with 1500 mg/ml of extract demonstrated inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes, resulting in a 14 mm inhibition zone.
- 03 A 10% w/w cream formulated with lyophilized aqueous extract showed potential antioxidant activity, achieving over 80% free radical scavenging at 100 µg/mL.
- 04 In human keratinocytes, concentrations ranging from 60 to 240 μg/mL suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α. No cytotoxicity was observed up to 1000 μg/mL (0.1%).
- 05 Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of 25 mg/ml were effective in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Based on available research, effective concentrations for various skin benefits appear to be substantial, ranging from very low percentages for in vitro anti-inflammatory effects to higher percentages for direct antimicrobial or antioxidant activity in formulated products. It does not appear to be an ingredient typically 'dusted' at negligible concentrations for marketing purposes.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
A 10% w/w Euphorbia hirta extract loaded in an oil-in-water (o/w) cream demonstrated stability within an acidic pH range of 4.4-5.1. Formulations with a high aqueous content (50-60% w/w) necessitate the use of suitable preservatives for optimal stability.
Safety
Safety Profile
No official safety assessments by CIR, SCCS, or FDA have been identified. In vitro studies show no cytotoxicity up to 1000 µg/mL (0.1%) in human keratinocytes. While generally classified as non-irritating for most skin types by some sources, others suggest a potential for skin irritation or allergic reactions in certain individuals. Internal ingestion of the raw plant or its extracts is potentially unsafe for pregnant or breastfeeding individuals due to possible uterine contractions; therefore, topical use during these periods warrants caution and professional medical advice.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Euphorbia hirta extract is a multi-functional botanical offering significant antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant benefits, making it a valuable asset for various skin concerns, though further comprehensive safety data for topical cosmetic use is recommended.
Related
Similar Ingredients
Finding similar ingredients…
References
Sources