Science
Mechanism of Action
The extract's antioxidant activity primarily stems from its rich content of phenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acid and rosmarinic acid, which efficiently scavenge free radicals like DPPH and ABTS, thereby mitigating reactive oxygen species (ROS) release. Its anti-inflammatory mechanism involves a significant inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, IL-6, and prostaglandin E2, alongside a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) content. Specific constituents like carvacrol further contribute by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17) and up-regulating anti-inflammatory factors (TGF-β, IL-4, IL-10). Antimicrobially, it exhibits inhibitory effects against a diverse range of microorganisms, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Salmonella paratyphoid, and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, attributed to active compounds such as thymol, carvacrol, p-Cymene, dehydroelsholtzia ketone, and elsholtzia ketone.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 Antioxidant effects were observed with a methanolic extract at concentrations as low as 5 µg/mL in J774A.1 macrophages under oxidative stress conditions. Isolated pure flavonoid and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives also demonstrated antioxidant activity within the 2.5-10 µM range.
- 02 A carbon dioxide extract exhibited a significant inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus at 0.10 g/mL, resulting in an inhibition zone diameter of 19.7 ± 0.1 mm.
- 03 The lowest effective concentration of a water extract for general in vitro experiments was determined to be 62.5 mg/mL.
- 04 Antimicrobial potential was highest for a dichloromethane fraction against Candida albicans at 62.5 µg/mL. Moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus was noted at 500 µg/mL for the same fraction. A hexane fraction displayed its highest antimicrobial potential against Escherichia coli at 250 µg/mL.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Information regarding dusting behavior for ELSHOLTZIA CILIATA LEAF/STEM EXTRACT was not available in the provided research data.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Ethanolic, methanolic, and water extracts are commonly utilized, with further fractionation employing solvents of varying polarities (e.g., petroleum ether, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol). This suggests the extract contains components with diverse solubilities, indicating compatibility with both aqueous and oil-based formulations.
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) has not specifically reviewed Elsholtzia Ciliata Leaf/Stem Extract. No specific safety status or maximum concentration limits from CIR, SCCS, or FDA were identified within the available research data. Thus, specific sensitization risk and pregnancy safety remain undetermined based on the provided information.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Elsholtzia Ciliata Leaf/Stem Extract is a valuable botanical ingredient offering diverse benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, making it suitable for a wide range of precision skincare applications.
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References
Sources