Science
Mechanism of Action
This dipeptide, widely recognized by its trade name Syn-Ake, functions as an antagonist to muscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) present on muscle cells. By effectively blocking the neuronal transmission of impulses that initiate muscle contraction, it induces a reversible relaxation of facial muscles. This targeted action reduces the frequency and intensity of contractions, thereby smoothing existing expression lines and mitigating the formation of new ones, all without impeding natural facial expressions. Furthermore, some research indicates potential benefits in stimulating collagen and elastin synthesis and strengthening the skin's barrier function.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence0.2%
Key findings
- 01 Demonstrated visible improvements in skin structure within four weeks, resulting in a reduction of wrinkle depth by up to 25%. An immediate decrease in wrinkle depth was also observed after just 15 minutes of application.
- 02 Manufacturer's in-vivo studies indicated a 21% improvement in skin smoothness and a 15-20% reduction in wrinkles, with maximum values reaching 52% after 28 days of use. The smoothing effect was detectable in 80% of volunteers, and wrinkle reduction was evident in 73%.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
With documented efficacy at low concentrations, such as 0.2% for active ingredient and within the general usage range of 0.005%-1%, this ingredient is typically incorporated at functional levels to deliver its specific benefits rather than as a mere label claim.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Chemically stable, the diacetate groups enhance its solubility and stability in aqueous solutions, making it well-suited for a variety of formulations including creams, gels, and serums. Stability can be further augmented through encapsulation methods like liposomes. During manufacturing, it should be incorporated at the final stage, ensuring temperatures remain below 40°C. Stock solutions can be stored for up to 24 months at 4°C.
Conflicts
- strong acids
- strong alkalis
- strong oxidizing agents
- strong reducing agents
- certain preservatives or emulsifiers (potential to diminish effectiveness or heighten irritation risk)
Safety
Safety Profile
The Environmental Working Group (EWG) assigns this ingredient a low hazard rating of 1 out of 10 and does not include it on their restricted lists. While PubChem notes a GHS classification of 'H311: Toxic in contact with skin' (Acute Tox. 3), this typically refers to the raw, highly concentrated material, not its diluted form in consumer products. Generally considered safe and well-tolerated, with rare reports of mild skin irritation (e.g., redness, itching) or allergic reactions. SkinSAFE classifies it as 'Irritant Free'.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
This biomimetic peptide offers a valuable and targeted strategy for mitigating expression lines by safely and reversibly relaxing facial muscle contractions, demonstrating significant clinical efficacy and a favorable safety profile across all skin types.
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References
Sources