Science
Mechanism of Action
As a malate ester, diethyl malate functions as a metabolite within the skin. Its key mechanism in formulations involves improving the transdermal delivery of co-applied compounds, thereby augmenting their efficacy.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Low confidenceN/A
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Safety
Safety Profile
This ingredient does not meet GHS hazard criteria. The JECFA concluded no safety concerns at current intake levels when used as a flavoring agent, and it holds FDA clearance for indirect food contact.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A valuable penetration enhancer that can improve the delivery of active ingredients in skincare formulations.
Related
Similar Ingredients
Finding similar ingredients…
References
Sources