Science
Mechanism of Action
It functions by scavenging superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals, activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway, and inhibiting melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity. Additionally, it reduces nitric oxide production and stimulates dermal papilla cell growth.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 Compounds isolated at 30 µg/mL significantly inhibited melanin synthesis (up to 27.8%) in melanoma cells, surpassing arbutin's potency.
- 02 An ethanol extract at 25 µg/mL effectively scavenged superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals.
- 03 An ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated a 25.4% reduction in DPPH radicals at 200 µg/mL.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Safety
Safety Profile
The CIR Expert Panel determined insufficient data to conclude safety for this brown algae-derived ingredient as of September 2019, though isolated compounds showed no cytotoxicity.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
While exhibiting promising in vitro efficacy for brightening, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory benefits, its safety profile requires further comprehensive data for definitive inclusion.
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References
Sources