COMMELINA COMMUNIS FLOWER EXTRACT.

This extract primarily exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, a critical regulator of inflammatory responses. By inhibiting the phosphorylation of IκBα and the intranuclear transition of NF-κB p65, it significantly downregulates the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Additionally, its high concentration of polyphenols and flavonoids provides potent antioxidant activity through radical-scavenging mechanisms, protecting the skin from oxidative stress.