Science
Mechanism of Action
While specific to leaf oil, Chrysanthemum Indicum preparations generally demonstrate a comprehensive mode of action. They exhibit anti-inflammatory properties by modulating inflammation-related pathways and inhibiting key inflammatory mediators such as NO, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-1β, often through the suppression of MAPKs and NF-κB-dependent pathways. Concurrently, a robust antioxidant capacity is observed, crucial for neutralizing free radicals and potentially mitigating skin aging processes. The ingredient is also associated with calming effects, reducing skin sensitivity, redness, and irritation. Furthermore, it aids in promoting skin regeneration, preserving elasticity, and supports the skin's natural barrier against environmental stressors. Its antibacterial attributes may contribute to managing acne and other skin inflammations, while also helping to balance the skin's microbiome, refine pores, and enhance overall skin tone and texture.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Insufficient-data confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 An aqueous extract of Chrysanthemum indicum, at concentrations of 0.025%-0.1%, demonstrated inhibitory effects against a range of bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. (Note: This finding is for an aqueous extract, not specifically leaf oil.)
- 02 An ethanolic extract of Chrysanthemum indicum, within a range of 16.17-258.75 mg/mL, inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus subtilis. (Note: This finding is for an ethanolic extract, not specifically leaf oil.)
- 03 Chrysanthemum indicum flower essential oil, at 62.5 μg/mL, exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Streptococcus pyogenes. (Note: This finding is for Chrysanthemum indicum flower essential oil, not specifically leaf oil.)
- 04 A 1,3-butylene glycol extract of dried Chrysanthemum indicum L. flowers, at 50 μg/mL, was effective in an atopic dermatitis model using HaCaT cells. (Note: This finding is for a flower extract, not specifically leaf oil.)
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Safety
Safety Profile
Safety evaluations for Chrysanthemum indicum flower oil indicated no acute oral toxicity at 2,000 mg/kg body weight/day, no significant micronucleated erythrocyte cell counts, and no mutagenicity in bacterial reverse mutation tests at 15.63-500 μg/plate. (Note: This data is specifically for Chrysanthemum indicum flower oil, not leaf oil.)
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
While Chrysanthemum indicum preparations show promising benefits, specific clinical efficacy and safety data for the leaf oil itself remains limited, warranting further research to confirm its precise dermatological applications.
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