Science
Mechanism of Action
Ceteareth-28 functions as an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifier by lowering the interfacial tension between immiscible phases, allowing them to blend seamlessly. Furthermore, it constructs a structured colloidal network within the aqueous phase, which enhances the formulation's viscosity and prevents phase separation over time.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence2%
Key findings
- 01 Clinical patch testing at 1.5% over 4 and 21 days demonstrated minimal irritation and zero sensitization in repeat-insult protocols.
- 02 Technical assessments identify 2.0% as a critical threshold for achieving peak emulsion stability and viscosity-building properties.
- 03 Dermal exposure tests at concentrations as high as 10% yielded only minimal, transient irritation, confirming a high safety margin for topical use.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
As a functional emulsifier rather than a marketed 'active' ingredient, it is rarely 'dusted.' It is typically used at the levels required by the specific formula's rheology, usually between 1.5% and 2.0%.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Exhibits exceptional thermal stability and resilience through freeze-thaw cycles. It is most effective when incorporated during hot-process manufacturing.
Synergies
- Fatty alcohols
- Polymeric thickeners
- Lipophilic consistency promoters
Conflicts
- Highly alkaline environments (pH > 8.0) which may trigger hydrolysis
- Strong oxidizing agents
Safety
Safety Profile
While safe for intact skin, it should not be applied to severely damaged or burnt skin barriers to avoid potential systemic absorption of PEG components. Our sourcing requires strict purification to eliminate 1,4-dioxane residuals.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A reliable and safe structural emulsifier essential for creating stable, cosmetically elegant oil-in-water formulations.
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References
Sources