Science
Mechanism of Action
Operates through a dual-action pathway of protection and suppression. Its phytochemical profile, rich in quercetin and hyperoside, directly scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exhibits iron-reducing antioxidant capacity comparable to Trolox. On a cellular level, it modulates the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways to inhibit the synthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide, COX-2, and IL-6.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 In vitro analysis confirms significant antioxidant capacity via FRAP and DPPH assays, demonstrating high efficacy in reducing oxidative molecular damage.
- 02 Phytochemical characterization identifies specific suppression of inflammatory cytokines through Heme Oxygenase-1 activation.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Typically utilized as a primary functional solvent or 'botatnical water' base in high-end K-beauty formulations rather than a micro-dosed active, making it less prone to marketing-only 'dusting'.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Highly sensitive to thermal degradation and photo-oxidation. Formulations should be stored in opaque packaging away from direct light to preserve flavonoid integrity.
Synergies
- L-Ascorbic Acid
- Tocopherol
- Niacinamide
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Formulations with pH > 8.0
Safety
Safety Profile
Recognized as safe through extensive traditional medicinal and dietary use; classified as a skin-protecting agent in the EU CosIng database.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A high-performance botanical water that provides measurable antioxidant defense and anti-inflammatory benefits across all skin types.
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References
Sources