Science
Mechanism of Action
This extract operates through a five-fold cellular approach: it triggers FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy to clear damaged mitochondria and repair DNA; inhibits the MMP-1 enzyme to halt collagen degradation; upregulates essential barrier proteins like Claudin-1 and Type III collagen; provides SOD-like antioxidant scavenging; and moderates tyrosinase activity to maintain even skin tone.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence0.5%
Key findings
- 01 Clinical testing on 42 subjects confirmed that a 0.5% concentration significantly increases scalp hydration while reducing sebum and redness.
- 02 In vitro models demonstrate that 0.1% offers robust protection for fibroblasts against heavy metal urban pollutants.
- 03 Studies at 1.0% show dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects and a reduction in skin thickening following UV exposure.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Because it is an exotic botanical, brands often list it at 'claim' levels below 0.1% for marketing purposes; however, clinical data suggests a minimum of 0.1% for anti-pollution benefits and 0.5% for barrier repair.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
The extract is sensitive to thermal degradation and photo-oxidation; stability is best maintained when stored between 10°C and 25°C away from direct light. Water-soluble versions are typically stabilized in a glycerin or butylene glycol base.
Synergies
- Vitamin C
- Hyaluronic Acid
- Niacinamide
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Alkaline environments above pH 7.5
Safety
Safety Profile
Widely recognized as a non-sensitizing ingredient. While the CIR has not published a standalone report, industry consensus and supplier data support its safety in leave-on products up to 10%.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
An exceptional botanical for urban environments that provides deep cellular protection and barrier strengthening with a high safety profile.
Related
Similar Ingredients
Finding similar ingredients…
References
Sources