Get a Free 5ml Mini Now Free 5ml Mini With Every Order of The Mantle
Moumoujus

BUTYROLACTONE.

Questionable CAS 96-48-0 / FRAGRANCE, SOLVENT

A cyclic organic compound that serves dual functions as a penetration enhancer and solvent in cosmetic formulations. While it demonstrates efficacy in improving the delivery of active ingredients through the skin barrier, its use is heavily restricted due to safety concerns. This ingredient is typically limited to fragrance applications and specialized formulations at very low concentrations.

Summary

solvent penetration enhancer fragrance component

Science

Mechanism of Action

Functions by disrupting the lipid organization of the stratum corneum, creating temporary pathways for enhanced penetration of both hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds while simultaneously acting as a hygroscopic solvent that improves ingredient solubility in formulations.

Research

Clinical Evidence

Medium confidence
Effective range 0.1–0.5%
Optimal

0.5%

Key findings

  1. 01 Maximum safe usage level established for fragrance concentrates with minimal irritation risk
  2. 02 Demonstrated significant penetration enhancement for estradiol and other therapeutic compounds

Transparency

Dusting Analysis

Not commonly dusted

Not commonly used for dusting due to strict regulatory restrictions and safety concerns limiting its application to specialized formulations.

The Formula

Formulation

Solubility
Both
Optimal pH 7 – 7
0 7 14

Stability

Requires neutral pH for optimal stability; undergoes rapid hydrolysis in alkaline conditions and slow degradation in acidic environments

Synergies

  • lipophilic actives
  • therapeutic compounds requiring enhanced penetration

Conflicts

  • Strong bases (causes hydrolysis)
  • Strong acids
  • Strong oxidizing agents

Safety

Safety Profile

CIR Status
Safe with restrictions
Max tested
0.5%
Pregnancy
Caution
Sensitization risk Moderate

FDA Class I Health Hazard if ingested; precursor to GHB; restricted to topical use only in fragrance and nail products at low concentrations

Your Skin

Skin Compatibility

Yes Normal
Yes Dry
Yes Oily
No Sensitive
Irritancy Moderate
Comedogenicity Low

Our Assessment

Verdict

Questionable

While technically effective as a penetration enhancer, the significant safety restrictions and regulatory concerns make it unsuitable for most modern skincare applications.

Related

Similar Ingredients

Finding similar ingredients…