Science
Mechanism of Action
Functions as a hapten that oxidizes to lysmerylic acid upon skin contact, binding to skin proteins and potentially triggering Type IV delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Systemically acts as a potential endocrine disruptor with androgen receptor agonist properties.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidenceN/A
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Must be declared when present above 0.001% in leave-on products or 0.01% in rinse-off products as part of EU's 26 established contact allergens list
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Demonstrates significant auto-oxidation vulnerability with up to 30% degradation within 168 hours at neutral pH when air-exposed. Requires antioxidant protection, typically alpha-tocopherol at 200 ppm concentration.
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Strong acids
- Strong bases
- Reducing agents
Safety
Safety Profile
Prohibited in EU/UK since March 2022 due to reproductive toxicity classification. US regulations defer to IFRA restrictions with complete prohibition in lip/oral products.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
This ingredient presents unacceptable safety risks due to reproductive toxicity and high sensitization potential, warranting complete avoidance in precision skincare formulations.
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References
Sources