Science
Mechanism of Action
Functions through a dual-action approach: flavonoids provide robust antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity to protect collagen integrity, while specialized compounds inhibit PDE5 enzymes and stimulate nitric oxide release, promoting vasodilation and enhanced microcirculation for improved nutrient delivery to skin cells.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidence5%
Key findings
- 01 Antioxidant efficacy demonstrated with EC50 of 215.11 µg/mL in lipid peroxidation inhibition assays (Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 2021)
- 02 Topical formulations at 1-10% concentration show effectiveness for skin rejuvenation and circulation improvement (Supplier Technical Data)
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Given the established effective range of 1-10% and potent bioactivity, concentrations below 0.5% would likely provide minimal therapeutic benefit and could indicate dusting practices.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Naturally maintains pH around 5.5 (±1.0), stable in both hot and cold processing conditions, excellent compatibility with polar solvents, alcohols, and polyols
Synergies
- vitamin C
- niacinamide
- peptides
- hyaluronic acid
Conflicts
- strong oxidizing agents
- highly alkaline ingredients (pH > 8.0)
Safety
Safety Profile
Thai FDA restricts oral consumption to 100mg daily, but topical use at skincare concentrations shows no systemic toxicity concerns. EU CosIng database classification supports cosmetic applications.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A scientifically-backed botanical with proven antioxidant activity and unique circulation-enhancing properties, suitable for all skin types when used at appropriate concentrations.
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References
Sources