Science
Mechanism of Action
Functions through multiple pathways: phenylpropanoid glycosides and flavonoids neutralize free radicals and protect DNA integrity, while simultaneously inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-2) and elastase to preserve structural proteins. Additionally blocks tyrosinase activity to regulate melanin synthesis and reduces inflammatory mediators including ROS, nitric oxide, and TNF-alpha.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence2%
Key findings
- 01 Consumer trials at 1-3% showed significant hyperpigmentation reduction after 4 weeks with collagen protection
- 02 Laboratory studies demonstrated IC50 values of 62.7-125.1 mg/L for anti-aging enzyme inhibition, outperforming EGCG
- 03 Cell culture studies confirmed safety up to 200 mg/L with notable antityrosinase activity
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Given the demonstrated efficacy at 1-3% concentrations and the complexity of the bioactive compounds, meaningful benefits require substantial inclusion levels, making dusting unlikely to provide therapeutic value.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Typically supplied in glycerin-water base with xanthan gum. Requires cool, dry storage at room temperature to maintain polyphenol stability and prevent bioactive degradation.
Synergies
- Vitamin C
- Niacinamide
- Hyaluronic Acid
Safety
Safety Profile
Demonstrates excellent safety profile with no cytotoxic effects in human cell cultures at skincare-relevant concentrations. Generally well-tolerated for topical application.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A scientifically-backed multi-functional extract that delivers measurable anti-aging and brightening benefits with excellent safety across all skin types.
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References
Sources