Science
Mechanism of Action
Functions as a comprehensive antioxidant system by neutralizing free radicals while simultaneously modulating inflammatory cascades through NF-κB and IL-1β pathway inhibition. The extract's glucosinolates and polyphenols work synergistically to interrupt melanin synthesis, stimulate collagen production, and provide UV-induced oxidative stress protection.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence2%
Key findings
- 01 1-5% concentration showed significant cytokine inhibition (IL-1β, TNF-α reduction)
- 02 2% demonstrated measurable skin tone evenness through melanin pathway modulation
- 03 Botanical blend achieved 76% brightness improvement, 77% firmness increase, and 78% hydration enhancement over 12 weeks
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Well-established clinical efficacy at 1-5% concentrations with documented benefits as low as 2% suggests legitimate formulation use above typical dusting levels.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Heat-sensitive glucosinolates require controlled temperature processing; maintains stability in aqueous systems within specified pH range
Synergies
- Vitamin C
- Niacinamide
- Hyaluronic Acid
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Extremely high pH formulations (>8.0)
Safety
Safety Profile
GRAS food status translates to excellent topical safety profile with no documented irritation or sensitization in human trials
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A scientifically-backed multi-functional ingredient offering proven antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and brightening benefits with excellent safety across all skin types.
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References
Sources