Science
Mechanism of Action
This extract operates via a dual-action pathway: it downregulates pro-apoptotic genes like Caspase-3 to prevent pollution-induced cell death while simultaneously upregulating detoxification enzymes such as CYP4F11. Its high concentration of hydroxycinnamic acids neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggered by tobacco smoke and particulate matter, effectively halting oxidative DNA damage.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence1%
Key findings
- 01 A 28-day clinical evaluation of a 1.0% concentration demonstrated a measurable decrease in both wrinkle depth and frequency, alongside significant enhancements in skin tone uniformity and radiance.
- 02 In vitro testing at 0.1% to 1.0% showed a significant protective effect on keratinocyte viability when exposed to tobacco smoke, preventing oxidative stress-induced cell death.
- 03 At a 0.5% concentration, the extract provided robust protection against DNA fragmentation in cellular models exposed to urban air pollution.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
With clinical efficacy established as low as 0.1% for cellular protection, this ingredient is rarely 'dusted.' However, for visible anti-aging and texture benefits, a full 1.0% concentration is the benchmark for precision performance.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Maintains stability in aqueous solutions for at least 90 days at elevated temperatures (40-50°C). It is most commonly utilized as a glycerin-stabilized extract.
Synergies
- Vitamin C (stabilized)
- Niacinamide
- Hyaluronic Acid
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Formulations with pH below 4.0 or above 8.0 (risk of phenolic degradation)
Safety
Safety Profile
While a standalone CIR report is pending, it is listed as a safe skin-protecting agent in the EU Cosing database. Toxicological data indicates low toxicity and high biocompatibility.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
An essential precision ingredient for urban-focused skincare, providing scientifically validated protection against smoke and particulate-induced aging.
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