Science
Mechanism of Action
The extract operates via a dual-action pathway: it stimulates G3PDH (glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) enzyme activity to increase triglyceride accumulation within mature adipocytes for a plumping effect, while simultaneously inhibiting elastase to protect the skin's structural proteins from degradation.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence4%
Key findings
- 01 In a 60-day in-vivo study with 20 participants, a 4.0% concentration resulted in a 91% increase in epidermal tone and a 63% improvement in overall elasticity.
- 02 Clinical evaluation of twice-daily 4.0% application over 30 days demonstrated a 12% reduction in crow's feet and a 4% reduction in cheek wrinkle depth.
- 03 An 8-week pilot study confirmed significant improvements in surface smoothness and hydration levels when used in a targeted gel formulation.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
While frequently included at trace amounts for botanical claims, the 'lipofilling' and adipocyte-stimulating benefits are clinically validated only at concentrations closer to 4.0%. Use below 2.0% is likely insufficient for meaningful volumizing results.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Highly stable in aqueous solutions and glycol-based delivery systems. It is heat-sensitive and should be incorporated during the cool-down phase of formulation to maintain bioactivity.
Synergies
- Glycerin
- Butylene Glycol
- Peptides
- Hyaluronic Acid
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizers
- High-heat processing
Safety
Safety Profile
Recognized by the EU CosIng database and widely utilized in professional skincare without reported adverse effects; exhibits low systemic toxicity.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A high-performance botanical active that provides a unique mechanism for skin plumping and density restoration, provided it is used at the clinically validated 4% threshold.
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