Science
Mechanism of Action
Functions as a surface-active agent that reduces water's surface tension, enabling efficient removal of oil, debris, and impurities from skin and hair. Additionally modifies lipid organization in the outermost skin layer, creating temporary pathways that enhance penetration of companion ingredients without compromising barrier integrity.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence5%
Key findings
- 01 CIR clinical irritation studies at 5% in leave-on products demonstrated non-irritating and non-sensitizing properties
- 02 Safety validated in rinse-off formulations up to 12.9% with low oral toxicity and absence of mutagenic effects
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Primary surfactant ingredient with established safety profile and clear concentration guidelines
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Exhibits excellent stability in neutral to mildly alkaline conditions with optimal thickening properties around pH 5.5-6.0; demonstrates higher solubility compared to parent fatty acids
Synergies
- Other mild surfactants for balanced cleansing systems
- Active ingredients requiring enhanced penetration
Conflicts
- N-nitrosating agents
- Cationic surfactants
- Highly acidic formulations below pH 5.0
Safety
Safety Profile
Approved for rinse-off applications at higher concentrations; restricted to 5% maximum in leave-on products; avoid combination with N-nitroso compounds due to potential carcinogenic N-nitrososarcosine formation
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A well-researched, gentle surfactant that delivers effective cleansing with bonus penetration-enhancing properties across all skin types.
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References
Sources