Science
Mechanism of Action
It acts as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and downregulating MMP-9 to prevent collagen degradation. Additionally, its tannins provide astringent benefits, while chromenes offer antimicrobial and antifungal activity.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 A 10% extract demonstrated significant wound healing, achieving 62.74% efficacy in a diabetic animal model.
- 02 An approximate 0.5% concentration (5 mg/ml) showed minimum inhibitory activity against Propionibacterium acnes.
- 03 Extracts from 2.5% to 7.5% were found stable with promising anti-inflammatory properties.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Ethanolic extracts are commonly used and stable in sodium CMC bases, performing optimally in slightly acidic environments around pH 4.0.
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Highly alkaline environments
Safety
Safety Profile
While CIR has not reviewed it, topical applications are generally considered non-toxic in acute and chronic studies, despite the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids that can be hepatotoxic orally.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
This multi-functional botanical extract is valuable for addressing inflammatory, acne-prone, and aging skin due to its proven anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties.
Related
Similar Ingredients
Finding similar ingredients…
References
Sources