Science
Mechanism of Action
It activates key skin genes like Filaggrin, Aquaporin-3, and Collagen, enhancing barrier, hydration, and firmness. Bioactive compounds also provide powerful antioxidant effects and inhibit tyrosinase, contributing to skin brightening.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 In vitro and ex vivo testing demonstrates retinol-like activity, improving skin barrier, moisturization, and reducing aging signs and acne (1.0%-20.0% concentration).
- 02 Efficacy testing for commercial extracts indicates strong antioxidant capacity and tyrosinase inhibition for brightening and even skin tone (0.5%-2.0% concentration).
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
This extract is heat sensitive, requiring addition to formulations during the cooling phase below 40°C. It is typically supplied in a glycerin/water base to preserve its hydrophilic phytochemicals.
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- High-heat processing
Safety
Safety Profile
Generally regarded as safe, although not independently reviewed by CIR. Formulators should limit 5-methoxypsoralen levels to 15 ppm in leave-on products, consistent with other citrus-derived ingredients.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A valuable botanical extract offering retinol-like skin renewal, antioxidant protection, and brightening benefits, compatible with all skin types and low irritation risk.
Related
Similar Ingredients
Finding similar ingredients…
References
Sources