Science
Mechanism of Action
Functions through two primary pathways: acts as a humectant by mimicking components of the skin's natural moisturizing factor to maintain hydration levels, and serves as an antioxidant by scavenging reactive oxygen species from UV and pollution exposure. Additionally supports endogenous glutathione synthesis within skin cells, enhancing the skin's internal defense mechanisms against oxidative damage.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidence0.5%
Key findings
- 01 Demonstrated superior antioxidant efficacy compared to N-acetyl-L-tryptophan in protecting human serum albumin from oxidative damage
- 02 Clinical validation in amino acid complexes shows significant improvement in skin hydration and NMF support at 0.1-1.0% concentrations
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Given the established effective range of 0.1-1.0%, concentrations below 0.05% are unlikely to provide meaningful hydrating or antioxidant benefits
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Maintains stability under standard cosmetic storage conditions but requires protection from temperatures above 85°C to prevent denaturation
Synergies
- other amino acids
- hyaluronic acid
- glycerin
- antioxidant complexes
Conflicts
- strong oxidizing agents
- strong acids
- strong bases
Safety
Safety Profile
CIR Expert Panel confirms safety for cosmetic use when formulated to be non-irritating. Also holds FDA GRAS status as a food additive.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A well-researched dual-function ingredient that delivers both hydration and antioxidant protection with excellent safety profile across all skin types.
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