Science
Mechanism of Action
Acts as a volatile aromatic compound that interacts with olfactory receptors to provide sensory enhancement in formulations. Despite belonging to the fatty acid class, no evidence supports physiological skin conditioning, antioxidant activity, or therapeutic effects on skin barrier function.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Low confidenceN/A
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Limited use as fragrance component makes dusting unlikely, though lack of skin benefits may lead to inclusion without meaningful contribution to product efficacy.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Exhibits limited water solubility (8-19 g/L) with high solubility in alcohols and fixed oils. Most stable in undissociated form at acidic pH due to pKa of 4.88, typically incorporated within oil or alcohol phases for fragrance applications.
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Strong bases
- Reducing agents
Safety
Safety Profile
FEMA GRAS status for dietary use (FEMA #3464) and JECFA evaluation showing no safety concerns at intake levels. However, concentrated form classified as GHS H314 (severe skin burns and eye damage) and Skin Corrosive 1B, necessitating restriction to very low concentrations below 0.1% for topical use.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A fragrance ingredient with high irritancy potential and no documented skin benefits, warranting careful concentration control and avoidance in sensitive skin formulations.
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References
Sources