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Moumoujus

TRIHYDROXYCHALCONE.

Questionable CAS 961-29-5 / SKIN CONDITIONING - EMOLLIENT

Trihydroxychalcone is a class of polyphenolic compounds distinguished by its diverse benefits in skincare. It primarily acts as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Additionally, specific isomers offer potential in skin brightening and emollient effects, contributing to a refined and hydrated complexion.

Summary

Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory Skin Brightening Emollient

Science

Mechanism of Action

Trihydroxychalcones exert their beneficial effects through multiple pathways. As polyphenolic compounds, they function as powerful antioxidants by directly scavenging free radicals. Their anti-inflammatory action involves inhibiting key pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α and IL-6, and modulating cytokine and chemokine profiles. Notably, 2,2′,4′-trihydroxychalcone specifically acts as an immunomodulatory agent by suppressing T Helper 17 cell differentiation via inhibition of Retinoid-Related Orphan Receptor Gamma T (RORγt). Some derivatives also demonstrate tyrosinase and melanin inhibitory activity, suggesting skin brightening capabilities, while certain trihydroxychalcones, like 4',3,4-Trihydroxychalcone, possess emollient properties to soften and smooth skin.

Research

Clinical Evidence

Medium confidence
Effective range 1.25 μM–100 μM%
Optimal

N/A

Key findings

  1. 01 At concentrations ranging from 1.25 μM to 5 μM, 2,2′,4′-trihydroxychalcone significantly inhibited Th17 cell differentiation and function in vitro, demonstrating immunomodulatory effects.
  2. 02 In vitro, 2,2′,4′-trihydroxychalcone at 25 μM reduced RORγt luciferase expression to 33.63% of the control group, indicating a strong inhibitory action on a key inflammatory pathway.
  3. 03 A general chalcone derivative exhibited superior anti-inflammatory activity compared to ibuprofen at 100 μM, effectively modulating GM-CSF, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-2 cytokines in vitro.
  4. 04 Conversely, 2,2′,5′-trihydroxychalcone at 50 μM appeared to induce significant cell loss in primary rat microglial cultures in vitro, suggesting potential cytotoxicity at this concentration for specific isomers.

Transparency

Dusting Analysis

Not commonly dusted

The Formula

Formulation

Solubility
Unknown
Optimal pH N/A
0 7 14

Stability

The optimal pH range for stability is currently unknown, as is its specific solubility in water or oil. However, its emollient properties suggest it can contribute to product texture and skin hydration.

Safety

Safety Profile

CIR Status
Insufficient data
Sensitization risk High

There is no direct Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) or Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) assessment for the general ingredient 'TRIHYDROXYCHALCONE'. However, GHS classifications from ECHA for specific isomers indicate a notable potential for skin sensitization: 2,2',5'-Trihydroxychalcone is classified as 'May cause an allergic skin reaction' (H317) in 100% of notifications, and 2,2',4'-Trihydroxychalcone carries the same warning in 50% of notifications. Additionally, in vitro data for 2,2′,5′-trihydroxychalcone suggests potential cytotoxicity in primary rat microglial cultures at 50 μM.

Your Skin

Skin Compatibility

Yes Normal
Yes Dry
Yes Oily
No Sensitive
Irritancy Medium
Comedogenicity Low

Our Assessment

Verdict

Questionable

While Trihydroxychalcone demonstrates compelling in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potential brightening effects, the lack of comprehensive safety assessments for the general ingredient and documented sensitization risks for specific isomers necessitate caution and further research for precise cosmetic application.

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