Science
Mechanism of Action
Triethylene Glycol operates as a humectant by attracting and drawing moisture from the surrounding environment into the skin, thereby supporting optimal hydration levels. Its solvent capabilities are crucial for dissolving and uniformly dispersing both water-soluble and some oil-soluble ingredients, significantly boosting the absorption and efficacy of active compounds. Beyond these roles, it serves as a viscosity-controlling agent, which is essential for achieving desired product texture and consistency. It also contributes mild antibacterial and antifungal properties, which can help fortify preservative systems and inhibit microbial growth within products.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence0.08%
Key findings
- 01 Recommended concentration for general use in personal care products falls within a precise range of 0.01% to 0.08%.
- 02 A maximum concentration of 0.08% is specified for use in skin-cleansing formulations, where it acts as a fragrance ingredient and a viscosity-decreasing agent.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
As a clear, odorless liquid, Triethylene Glycol does not present a dusting concern in formulation or handling.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Triethylene Glycol is a stable liquid, colorless and odorless, maintaining a neutral pH of approximately 7 in a 10% aqueous solution. It exhibits stability under ambient conditions during normal use. For sustained color stability, storage under an inert atmosphere is advised, and direct exposure to sunlight or elevated temperatures should be mitigated. Given its hygroscopic nature, preventing water contamination by ensuring containers are tightly sealed is crucial.
Synergies
- Enhances absorption and effectiveness of various active ingredients by improving their solubility and dispersion.
- Boosts the efficacy of preservative systems through its mild antimicrobial properties.
Conflicts
- strong oxidizers
- strong bases
- strong acids
- heat sources
- sources of ignition
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has concluded that Triethylene Glycol is safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products. However, formulators are strongly advised against using it on damaged skin, referencing concerns about potential systemic toxicity and contact dermatitis previously linked to PEG-based topical ointments on burn patients. It is characterized by a low order of dermal irritancy and has not been identified as a dermal sensitizer. While generally well-tolerated for topical application, individuals with highly sensitive or reactive skin types may infrequently experience mild irritation, redness, or dryness, particularly when concentrations are high or when combined with alcohol-based or acidic ingredients.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Triethylene Glycol is a valuable multi-functional ingredient, offering hydration, improved ingredient delivery, and formulation stability, deemed safe for most skin types within recommended concentrations.
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References
Sources