Science
Mechanism of Action
This ingredient functions by modulating specific calcium channels, notably inhibiting Orai-1 activation and inducing TRPV3 activation, and by inhibiting mast cell degranulation, which collectively reduces inflammatory responses in the skin. Its rich composition of bioactive compounds, including steroidal saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids, confers its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial effects. Specifically, compounds like N-trans-ρ-caffeoyl tyramine actively suppress inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), simultaneously strengthening the skin barrier to mitigate transepidermal water loss and atopic inflammation.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Low confidence1%
Key findings
- 01 A 1% topical application of *Tribulus terrestris* fruit extract, when combined with 0.1% hydrocortisone, significantly improved skin inflammation, reduced transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in mouse models of oxazolone-induced atopic dermatitis.
- 02 *In vitro* studies demonstrated that *Tribulus terrestris* fruit extract effectively suppressed degranulation of IgE-Ag complex-stimulated mast cells in a dose-dependent manner.
- 03 An aqueous extract of *Tribulus terrestris* fruit, administered at 800 mg/kg, exhibited chemopreventive potential against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced skin papillomagenesis in mice, reducing tumor incidence and burden.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Safety
Safety Profile
This ingredient has not undergone specific review by CIR or SCCS for cosmetic use. While an elemental analysis of *Tribulus terrestris* fruit powder indicated heavy metals (mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium) were within regulatory limits in one study, high levels of aluminum and nickel were noted in some herbal drug forms, which necessitates caution for long-term use, particularly for individuals with nickel-sensitive skin conditions. Furthermore, one *in vitro* study reported potential genotoxic effects at high concentrations in cultured human lymphocytes.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
While promising animal and *in vitro* studies highlight its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and skin barrier benefits, further human clinical trials are needed to fully substantiate its efficacy and optimal safety profile in precision skincare.
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References
Sources