Science
Mechanism of Action
As an anionic surfactant, TEA-SULFATE acts by diminishing the surface tension of water, facilitating the emulsification of oil and water-soluble components. This mechanism enables it to effectively dissolve and remove dirt, excess sebum, and environmental impurities from the skin's surface, ensuring a thorough cleansing action.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 Clinical studies involving shampoos demonstrate that concentrations of TEA-SULFATE up to 10.5% caused no irritation under semioccluded conditions. However, concentrations exceeding 10.5% may induce irritation with prolonged skin contact.
- 02 Regulatory assessments indicate safe topical use up to 40% in rinse-off products and up to 8% in leave-on products, provided formulations are non-irritating.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
TEA-SULFATE is a well-established foundational surfactant, not typically subject to 'dusting' or exaggerated claims beyond its primary role in cleansing and emulsification. Its use is guided by its functional properties and established safety limits for irritation, rather than a focus on 'active' benefits at specific, low concentrations.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
TEA-SULFATE, an alkyl sulfate ester, is susceptible to hydrolysis, particularly at extreme pH levels. It exhibits stability in alkaline, weak acid, and hard water environments, but degrades rapidly in strong acidic conditions.
Conflicts
- N-nitrosating agents (due to potential for nitrosamine formation)
- Strong acids (leads to hydrolysis)
Safety
Safety Profile
The CIR Expert Panel considers TEA-Lauryl Sulfate safe for cosmetic use at concentrations not exceeding 10.5% for prolonged skin contact, provided the formulation is non-irritating. For topical applications, it is approved up to 40% in rinse-off products and up to 8% in leave-on products when formulated to be non-irritating. A key safety concern is the potential for nitrosamine formation in the presence of N-nitrosating agents, and the possible presence of trace amounts of diethanolamine as a contaminant. The SCCS has reviewed this substance, and it is subject to restrictions under Annex III of the EC Cosmetics Regulation. There is no direct FDA cosmetic status; however, its component Triethanolamine is FDA approved as an indirect food additive.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
TEA-SULFATE is a valuable cleansing and emulsifying agent, suitable for formulations within specific concentration limits and pH ranges, provided careful attention to potential impurity risks and irritancy in both rinse-off and leave-on applications.
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References
Sources