Science
Mechanism of Action
This extract exerts its benefits through a rich profile of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, fucoxanthin, terpenoids, and flavonoids. It functions as a robust antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and mitigating oxidative stress. Anti-inflammatory actions are achieved by inhibiting mast cell proliferation, reducing key pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), suppressing nitric oxide production, and modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, it aids in skin barrier repair by promoting the synthesis of filaggrin and supports wound healing by accelerating re-epithelialization and decreasing reactive oxygen species.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 In vitro studies demonstrate that concentrations of 50-100 μg/mL significantly inhibit pro-inflammatory nitrites and cytokines (PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) while decreasing iNOS and COX-2 protein expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages. At 100 μg/mL, it also inhibited NF-κB binding to DNA.
- 02 Antioxidant activity, measured by increased reducing power, was observed in vitro at concentrations ranging from 0.5 mg/mL (500 μg/mL) to 4 mg/mL (4000 μg/mL).
- 03 Animal studies in DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis models (NC/Nga and BALB/c mice) showed that S. horneri extracts decreased epidermal thickness, inhibited mast cell proliferation, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-13, IL-4, IL-5), suppressed IgE levels, and restored skin barrier function by improving filaggrin levels.
- 04 In a mouse burn model, a specific S. horneri extract accelerated re-epithelialization by promoting F-actin formation and significantly reduced burn-induced reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, indicating wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
There is no available data in the provided research regarding dusting practices, typical dusting thresholds, or red flag percentages for Sargassum horneri Extract in cosmetic formulations.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
The optimal pH range for the stability of Sargassum horneri Extract in cosmetic formulations is not directly specified in the available research. Mentioned pH values in studies relate to analytical procedures or cultivation media for other organisms, not indicative of extract stability for cosmetic applications.
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) panel, in both 2018 and 2022 assessments of brown algae-derived ingredients, classified Sargassum horneri Extract as having insufficient data for determining its safety under intended conditions of use. Key data insufficiencies highlighted include systemic toxicity data (e.g., GRAS status or oral exposure) and dermal sensitization data. At the time of the 2018 review, it was also noted as 'not reported to be in current use'. No specific FDA or SCCS status has been identified.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
While Sargassum horneri Extract demonstrates compelling preclinical efficacy in reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and supporting skin barrier function across various skin types, its safety for human cosmetic use, particularly regarding systemic toxicity and dermal sensitization, remains unconfirmed due to insufficient data as per CIR assessments.
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